J. W. Morgan                                                                          

Composition I

Exam I Study Packet:   Ch 16-18:  Appropriate Diction; Ch 19: Fragments; Ch 20:   Run on Sentences & Comma Splices; and Ch 32 the Comma

 

This study packet is available to all students; however, only those students completing the packet following the study group guidelines on the study group contract will be eligible for the extra credit points.

 

1.                  You are expected to learn all the rules for the chapters listed above.  The following information is offered as a guideline for your studies, but you should be aware that any information in the text or in class lecture may appear on the exam, regardless of its appearance or absence in this study guide.

 

2.                  For Chapters 16-18 you must be familiar with the following terms:

 

a.       jargon (commence, utilize)

b.      pretentious language (progenitors)

c.       euphemisms (preowned automobile)

d.      doublespeak (missiles = peacekeepers)

e.       obsolete, archaic, and invented words (anon, betwixt, technobabble)

f.        slang (down the tubes)

g.       regional expressions, (cut the lights off)

h.       nonstandard English (ain’t)

i.         sexist language (fireman, any professional i.e. a doctor = he)

j.        clichés (cool as a cucumber)

 

The parenthetical information is offered as examples of each type of problem.  You should learn what each term means, and you should understand why its use is inappropriate in formal, written English.

 

3.                  List the 3 criteria that a complete sentence must meet.

4.                  List the 2 methods of correcting a sentence fragment.

5.                  Give an example of both methods listed in #4.

6.                  List the 3 problem areas where sentence fragments are most likely to occur.

7.                  Identify 2 methods for attaching a list to a complete sentence.

8.                  Give an example of each method listed in #7.

9.                  Define a run on sentence.

10.              Define a Comma splice sentence.

11.              List the 4 correction options for run on and comma splice sentences.

12.              Give an example of each correction listed in #11.

13.              List the 7 coordinating conjunctions. Memorize them.

14.              What is the memory device we used to remember the 7 coordinating conjunctions?

15.              Write out the 5 major comma rules.

16.              How many items must appear in a sentence for that series to be considered a list?

17.              Where do the commas belong in a list of items?

18.              What trick did we discuss to help you double check that you have the appropriate number of commas in a list?

19.              What is the 2 part test you would use to determine if adjectives in a sentence are coordinate or cumulative?

20.              Write out an example illustrating your use of the 2 part test.

21.              Which type of adjectives require commas, coordinate or cumulative?

22.              What was the tip I gave out in class regarding the use of commas with the words that and which?

23.              Memorize the minor uses of the comma:

a.       transitions/parentheticals

b.      absolute phrases

c.       contrast (signal words=not/unlike)

d.      nouns of direct address

e.       yes and no

f.        interrogative tags

g.       mild interjections

h.       direct quotes

i.         dates

j.        addresses

k.      titles

l.         numbers

 

Some sample questions:

Identify which sentences contain diction that is not appropriate for an English composition.

 

1.         When the ump called nine consecutive strikes on three batters, Manager Sparky Anderson got his back up.

2.         When the Germans were presented with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, they really got sore.

3.         Sue asked us to call her if we're gonna be late.

4.         A good nurse knows the mental state of her patients.

5.         A person wishing to be a champion bodybuilder must practice posing, lift weights, and watch

            his diet.

 

Run on Sentences, Fragments, and Comma Splices:

Identify each as a  run on, fragment, comma splice, or o.k. FOR ANY RUN ON, COMMA SPLICE, OR FRAGMENT SENTENCES, REWRITE THE SENTENCE ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER, CORRECTING THE ERROR.

 

6.                  My resolution to work four hours on my studies every night.

7.                  Because I like backpacking, I planned a two week hiking vacation last summer.

8.                  Many of our friends buy season tickets to the symphony for they enjoy classical music.

9.                  Susan had a hard time passing her freshman algebra class, she has vowed to hire a tutor when the time comes for her to take calculus.

10.              Sit down!

 


Each sentence below may contain one, but no more than one, error.  Identify the letter that corresponds to the underlined part containing the error.  If the sentence contains no error,  mark E.

11.       The monarch butterflies that fly from Canada to Pacific Grove, California every

                                                A                                                                     B

            October have made that city famous.

                        C             D

E = No Error

 

12.       The monarchs travel up to 80 miles a day or 2000 miles in all, but their ability to

                                                                           A                              B

            soar on wind currents aids them.

                C

            E = No Error

 

13.       All winter about two million monarch butterflies cover the branches of six acres of

                                                                                                                        A

            pines which protect them from the wind;  the same trees are chosen year after

                        B                                              C

            year because certain trees, it is surmised, offer the greatest protection.

                                                                        D

            E = No Error

 

14.       Each October the schoolchildren of the town have a parade to celebrate the

                                               

            arrival of the monarchs; in  addition thousands of tourists who come to see the monarchs are

                                    A                                 B                      C                                             D

            directed by street signs to the butterfly trees.

 

            E = No Error

 

15.       On warm, sunny days the monarchs fly to nearby gardens where they feed on the

                        A

            nectar of flowers.  The monarchs, which are short-lived, could not possibly live long

                                                            B                                     C

            enough to make the journey from  Canada to California twice.

                                                                        D

            E = No Error

 

16.       How, then, one wonders, can they find their way over such great distances

 

            without guideposts;  it is the same question as the one concerning the migration

 

            of birds, which has puzzled naturalists for years.

            E = No Error

True/False & Multiple Choice:

 

17.              In a sentence using cumulative adjectives, commas should not be used.

18.              When punctuating an address, commas belong after the person’s name, street address, city, and zip code.

19.              Which of the following identify correct punctuation options for correcting a comma splice?

a.       a comma and a coordinating conjunction

b.      a semicolon or a semicolon, conjunctive adverb, and a comma

c.       a period ( or question mark if appropriate)

d.      restructuring the sentence.

e.       all the above.

20.              All words that appear in the dictionary are appropriate to use in formal writing.